Preserve SpaceDevs caches on disk write failures

agenda/thespacedevs.py

@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ import re
 import time
 import os
 import typing
+import tempfile
 from datetime import datetime
 
 import requests
 
 from .types import StrDict
-from .utils import filename_timestamp, get_most_recent_file
+from .utils import filename_timestamp
 
 Launch = dict[str, typing.Any]
 Summary = dict[str, typing.Any]
@@ -22,6 +23,53 @@ LIMIT = 500
 ACTIVE_CREWED_FLIGHTS_CACHE_FILE = "active_crewed_flights.json"
 
 
+def write_json_cache(filename: str, payload: StrDict) -> None:
+    """Publish a complete cache atomically, preserving old data on write failure."""
+    contents = json.dumps(payload)
+    temporary: str | None = None
+    try:
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
+            mode="w", dir=os.path.dirname(filename), prefix=".cache-", delete=False
+        ) as cache:
+            temporary = cache.name
+            cache.write(contents)
+            cache.flush()
+            os.fsync(cache.fileno())
+        os.replace(temporary, filename)
+    finally:
+        if temporary is not None and os.path.exists(temporary):
+            os.unlink(temporary)
+
+
+def read_json_cache(filename: str) -> StrDict | None:
+    """Skip empty, unreadable, or damaged cache files."""
+    try:
+        with open(filename) as cache:
+            if os.fstat(cache.fileno()).st_size == 0:
+                return None
+            data = json.load(cache)
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        return None
+    return data if isinstance(data, dict) else None
+
+
+def latest_launches_cache(rocket_dir: str) -> tuple[datetime, StrDict] | None:
+    """Find the newest usable timestamped launch cache."""
+    existing = sorted(
+        (
+            entry
+            for f in os.listdir(rocket_dir)
+            if (entry := filename_timestamp(f, "json")) is not None
+        ),
+        reverse=True,
+    )
+    for updated, filename in existing:
+        data = read_json_cache(os.path.join(rocket_dir, filename))
+        if data is not None and isinstance(data.get("results"), list):
+            return updated, data
+    return None
+
+
 class RateLimitDeferred(Exception):
     """The shared API budget or server cooldown requires waiting."""
 
@@ -35,19 +83,14 @@ def api_get(
     with open(filename + ".lock", "a") as lock:
         fcntl.flock(lock, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
         now = time.time()
-        try:
+        state = read_json_cache(filename) or {}
-            with open(filename) as cache:
-                state = json.load(cache)
-        except (OSError, ValueError):
-            state = {}
         calls = [float(t) for t in state.get("calls", []) if float(t) > now - 3600]
         retry_at = float(state.get("retry_at", 0))
         if now < retry_at or len(calls) >= 12:
             raise RateLimitDeferred()
         calls.append(now)
         # Count attempts even if the connection fails.
-        with open(filename, "w") as cache:
+        write_json_cache(filename, {"calls": calls, "retry_at": retry_at})
-            json.dump({"calls": calls, "retry_at": retry_at}, cache)
         response = requests.get(url, params=params, timeout=30)
         if response.status_code == 429:
             delay = 3600.0
@@ -57,8 +100,7 @@ def api_get(
                 match = re.search(r"available in (\d+) seconds", response.text)
                 if match:
                     delay = float(match[1])
-            with open(filename, "w") as cache:
+            write_json_cache(filename, {"calls": calls, "retry_at": now + delay + 1})
-                json.dump({"calls": calls, "retry_at": now + delay + 1}, cache)
             raise RateLimitDeferred()
         return response
 
@@ -78,7 +120,7 @@ def next_launch_api_data(rocket_dir: str, limit: int = LIMIT) -> StrDict | None:
     # Only persist valid launch payloads; rate-limit / error responses must not
     # overwrite the cache or they become the "most recent" file.
     if isinstance(data.get("results"), list):
-        open(filename, "w").write(r.text)
+        write_json_cache(filename, data)
     return data
 
 
@@ -211,12 +253,8 @@ def load_active_crewed_flights_cache(
 ) -> tuple[datetime, list[Summary]] | None:
     """Load active crewed flights cache file."""
     filename = get_active_crewed_flights_cache_filename(rocket_dir)
-    if not os.path.exists(filename):
+    cache_data = read_json_cache(filename)
-        return None
+    if cache_data is None:
-
-    try:
-        cache_data = json.load(open(filename))
-    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
         return None
 
     updated_str = cache_data.get("updated")
@@ -236,8 +274,7 @@ def write_active_crewed_flights_cache(rocket_dir: str, launches: list[Summary])
         "updated": datetime.now().isoformat(),
         "results": launches,
     }
-    with open(filename, "w") as f:
+    write_json_cache(filename, payload)
-        json.dump(payload, f)
 
 
 def get_active_crewed_flights(
@@ -371,20 +408,14 @@ def summarize_launch(launch: Launch) -> Summary:
 
 def is_launches_cache_fresh(rocket_dir: str) -> bool:
     """Return True if the launches cache is younger than the TTL."""
-    now = datetime.now()
+    cached = latest_launches_cache(rocket_dir)
-    existing = [
+    return cached is not None and (datetime.now() - cached[0]).total_seconds() <= ttl
-        x for x in (filename_timestamp(f, "json") for f in os.listdir(rocket_dir)) if x
-    ]
-    if not existing:
-        return False
-    existing.sort(reverse=True)
-    return (now - existing[0][0]).total_seconds() <= ttl
 
 
 def load_cached_launches(rocket_dir: str) -> StrDict | None:
-    """Read the most recent cache of launches."""
+    """Read the most recent usable cache of launches."""
-    filename = get_most_recent_file(rocket_dir, "json")
+    cached = latest_launches_cache(rocket_dir)
-    return typing.cast(StrDict, json.load(open(filename))) if filename else None
+    return cached[1] if cached is not None else None
 
 
 def read_cached_launches(rocket_dir: str) -> list[Summary]:
@@ -399,14 +430,7 @@ def get_launches(
     rocket_dir: str, limit: int = LIMIT, refresh: bool = False
 ) -> list[Summary] | None:
     """Get rocket launches with caching."""
-    now = datetime.now()
+    if refresh or not is_launches_cache_fresh(rocket_dir):
-    existing = [
-        x for x in (filename_timestamp(f, "json") for f in os.listdir(rocket_dir)) if x
-    ]
-
-    existing.sort(reverse=True)
-
-    if refresh or not existing or (now - existing[0][0]).total_seconds() > ttl:
         try:
             upcoming = next_launch_api(rocket_dir, limit=limit)
             if upcoming is None:
@@ -425,18 +449,7 @@ def get_launches(
         except Exception:
             pass  # fallback to cached version
 
-    # Find the most recent cache file that contains a valid results list.
+    data = load_cached_launches(rocket_dir)
-    # Older files without "results" (e.g. stale rate-limit responses) are skipped.
-    data = None
-    for _, f in existing:
-        filename = os.path.join(rocket_dir, f)
-        try:
-            candidate = json.load(open(filename))
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
-            continue
-        if isinstance(candidate.get("results"), list):
-            data = candidate
-            break
     if not data:
         return []
     upcoming = [summarize_launch(launch) for launch in data["results"]]

tests/test_spacedevs_cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"""SpaceDevs caches survive empty files and failed disk writes."""
+
+import errno
+import json
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+import pytest
+
+from agenda import thespacedevs
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("contents", ["", "{", "[]", '{"detail": "throttled"}'])
+def test_launch_cache_falls_back_to_usable_file(tmp_path: Path, contents: str) -> None:
+    old = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=2)
+    (tmp_path / old.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.json")).write_text('{"results": []}')
+    (tmp_path / datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.json")).write_text(contents)
+    assert thespacedevs.load_cached_launches(str(tmp_path)) == {"results": []}
+    assert thespacedevs.read_cached_launches(str(tmp_path)) == []
+    assert not thespacedevs.is_launches_cache_fresh(str(tmp_path))
+
+
+def test_empty_file_is_not_parsed(
+    tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    filename = tmp_path / "empty.json"
+    filename.touch()
+    parser = Mock(side_effect=AssertionError("empty file must not be parsed"))
+    monkeypatch.setattr("agenda.thespacedevs.json.load", parser)
+    assert thespacedevs.read_json_cache(str(filename)) is None
+    parser.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("existing", [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("failure", ["fsync", "replace"])
+def test_disk_failure_preserves_cache(
+    tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, existing: bool, failure: str
+) -> None:
+    filename = tmp_path / "cache.json"
+    original = '{"results": ["old"]}'
+    if existing:
+        filename.write_text(original)
+    fail = Mock(side_effect=OSError(errno.ENOSPC, "No space left on device"))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(f"agenda.thespacedevs.os.{failure}", fail)
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match="No space left"):
+        thespacedevs.write_json_cache(str(filename), {"results": ["new"]})
+    if existing:
+        assert filename.read_text() == original
+    else:
+        assert not filename.exists()
+    assert not list(tmp_path.glob(".cache-*"))
+
+
+def test_successful_write_replaces_empty_file(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    filename = tmp_path / "cache.json"
+    filename.touch()
+    thespacedevs.write_json_cache(str(filename), {"results": []})
+    assert json.loads(filename.read_text()) == {"results": []}
+    assert not list(tmp_path.glob(".cache-*"))
+
+
+def test_all_empty_launch_files_return_no_cache(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    (tmp_path / "2026-09-30_12:00:00.json").touch()
+    assert thespacedevs.load_cached_launches(str(tmp_path)) is None
+    assert not thespacedevs.is_launches_cache_fresh(str(tmp_path))